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Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
	;
Agency overview
Formed	; July 2, 1965; 53 years ago (1965-07-02);
Headquarters	; Washington, D.C., U.S.
Employees	; 2,539 (March 2011)
Annual budget	; $344 million (2009)
Agency executives	; ; Victoria Lipnic, Acting Chair; ; ; Vacant, General Counsel; ; ; Chai Feldblum, Commissioner; ; ; Charlotte Burrows, Commissioner; ; ;
Website	; www.eeoc.gov;

The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is a federal agency that administers and enforces civil rights laws against workplace discrimination. The EEOC investigates discrimination complaints based on an individual's race, children, national origin, religion, sex, age, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, genetic information, and retaliation for reporting, participating in, and/or opposing a discriminatory practice.^[3]

History

On March 6, 1961, President John F. Kennedy signed Executive Order 10925, which required government contractors to "take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed and that employees are treated during employment without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin."^[4] It established the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity of which then Vice President Lyndon Johnson was appointed to head. This was the forerunner of the EEOC.

The EEOC was established on July 2, 1965; its mandate is specified under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA),^[5] the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990, and the ADA Amendments Act of 2008. The EEOC's first complainants were female flight attendants.^[6] However, the EEOC at first ignored sex discrimination complaints, and the prohibition against sex discrimination in employment went unenforced for the next few years.^[7] One EEOC director called the prohibition "a fluke... conceived out of wedlock."^[7]

All Commission seats and the post of general counsel to the commission are filled by the US President, subject to confirmation by the Senate.^[8]Stuart J. Ishimaru, a Commissioner who was confirmed in 2003 and 2006,^[9] served as Acting Chair of the Commission from January 20, 2009 until December 22, 2010, when the Senate confirmed Jacqueline Berrien to be the chairwoman. She had been nominated as chairwoman by President Barack Obama in July 2009.^[10] In September 2009, Obama chose Chai Feldblum to fill another vacant seat.^[11]

On March 27, 2010, President Obama made recess appointments of three Commission posts: Berrien, Feldblum, and Victoria Lipnic. With the appointments, the Commission had its full five Commissioners: Ishimaru, Berrien, Feldblum, Lipnic, and Constance Barker, who was confirmed by the Senate in 2008 to be a Commissioner. President Obama also made a recess appointment of P. David Lopez to be the EEOC's General Counsel.^[12]

On December 22, 2010, the Senate gave full confirmation to Berrien, Feldblum, Lipnic, and Lopez. In 2014, President Obama renominated Lopez and he was reconfirmed by the Senate the same year.^[13]

In 2011, the Commission included "sex-stereotyping" of lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals, as a form of sex discrimination illegal under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.^[14]^[15] In 2012, the Commission expanded protection provided by Title VII to transgender status and gender identity.^[14]^[16]

After the departure of Ishimaru, the commission returned to its full five commissioners on April 25, 2013, with the Senate confirmation of Jenny Yang.

In 2015, it concluded that for Title VII, sex discrimination includes discrimation based on sexual orientation.^[17]^[18]

However, the rulings, while persuasive, are not binding on courts and would need to be addressed by the Supreme Court for a final decision. The Commission also mediates and settles thousands of discrimination complaints each year prior to their investigation. The EEOC is also empowered to file civil discrimination suits against employers on behalf of alleged victims and to adjudicate claims of discrimination brought against federal agencies.^[19]^[20]

Staffing, workload, and backlog

In 1975, when the backlog reached more than 100,000 charges to be investigated, President Gerald Ford's full requested budget of $62 million was approved. A "Backlog Unit" was created in Philadelphia in 1978 to resolve the thousands of federal equal employment complaints inherited from the Civil Service Commission. In 1980, Eleanor Holmes Norton began re-characterizing the backlog cases as "workload" in her reports to Congress, thus fulfilling her promise to eliminate the backlog.^[21]

In June 2006, civil rights and labor union advocates publicly complained that the effectiveness of the EEOC was being undermined by budget and staff cuts and the outsourcing of complaint screening to a private contractor whose workers were poorly trained. In 2006, a partial budget freeze prevented the agency from filling vacant jobs, and its staff had shrunk by nearly 20 percent from 2001. A Bush administration official stated that the cuts had been made because it was necessary to direct more money to defense and homeland security.^[22] By 2008, the EEOC had lost 25 percent of its staff over the previous eight years, including investigators and lawyers who handle the cases. The number of complaints to investigate grew to 95,400 in fiscal 2008, up 26 percent from 2006.^[23]

Although full-time staffing of the EEOC was cut between 2002 and 2006, Congress increased the commission's budget during that period, as it has almost every year since 1980. The budget was $303 million in fiscal year 2001^[2] to $327 million in fiscal year 2006.^[23]

The outsourcing to Pearson Government Solutions in Kansas cost the agency $4.9 million and was called a "huge waste of money" by the president of the EEOC employees' union in 2006.^[22]

The EEOC uses monetary fines as the primary form of deterrence and, as the fines have not adjusted for inflation, the backlog of EEOC cases illustrates a decline in its effectiveness.

Race and ethnicity

The EEOC requires employers to report various information about their employees, in particular their racial/ethnic categories, to prevent discrimination based on race/ethnicity. The definitions used in the report have been different at different times.

In 1997, the Office of Management and Budget gave a Federal Register Notice, the "Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity," which defined new racial and ethnic definitions.^[24] As of September 30, 2007, the EEO's EEO-1 report must use the new racial and ethnic definitions in establishing grounds for racial or ethnic discrimination.^[25] If an employee identifies their ethnicity as "Hispanic or Latino" as well as a race, the race is not reported in EEO-1, but it is kept as part of the employment record.

A person's skin color or physical appearance can also be grounds for a case of racial discrimination.^[26]^[27] Discrimination based on national origin can be grounds for a case on discrimination as well.^[28]

Investigative compliance policy

EEOC applies an investigative compliance policy when respondents are uncooperative in providing information during an investigation of a charge. If a respondent fails to turn over requested information, field offices are to subpoena the information, file a direct suit on the merits of a charge, or use the legal principle of adverse inference, which assumes the withheld information is against the respondent.^[29]

Increase in disability-based charges

In 2008, disability-based charges handled by the EEOC rose to a record 19,543, up 10.2 percent from the prior year and the highest level since 1995.^[30]

That may again be showing that because the EEOC has not adjusted many of their initial 1991 fines for inflation, the backlog of EEOC cases illustrates erosion of deterrence.

Home Depot disability discrimination suit

In September 2012, Home Depot agreed to pay $100,000 and furnish other relief to settle a disability discrimination lawsuit filed by the EEOC for the alleged failure to provide reasonable accommodation for a cashier with cancer at its Towson, Maryland, store and for later purportedly firing her because of her condition.^[31]

2012 profile

The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) announced that it received 99,412 private sector workplace discrimination charges during fiscal year 2012, down slightly from the previous year. The year-end data also show that retaliation (37,836), race (33,512), and sex discrimination (30,356), which includes allegations of sexual harassment and pregnancy were the most frequently filed charges.^[32]

Additionally, the EEOC achieved a second consecutive year of a significant reduction in the charge inventory, something not seen since fiscal year 2002. Due to a concerted effort, the EEOC reduced the pending inventory of private sector charges by 10 percent from fiscal year 2011, bringing the inventory level to 70,312. This inventory reduction is the second consecutive decrease of almost ten percent in charge inventory. Also this fiscal year, the agency obtained the largest amount of monetary recovery from private sector and state and local government employers through its administrative process — $365.4 million.

In fiscal year 2012, the EEOC filed 122 lawsuits, including 86 individual suits, 26 multiple-victim suits, with fewer than 20 victims, and 10 systemic suits. The EEOC's legal staff resolved 254 lawsuits for a total monetary recovery of $44.2 million.

EEOC also continued its emphasis on eliminating alleged systemic patterns of discrimination in the workplace. In fiscal year 2012, EEOC completed 240 systemic investigations which in part resulted in 46 settlements or conciliation agreements. These settlements, achieved without litigation, secured 36.2 million dollars for the victims of unlawful discrimination. In addition, the agency filed 12 systemic lawsuits in fiscal year 2012.

Overall, the agency secured both monetary and non-monetary benefits for more than 23,446 people through administrative enforcement activities – mediation, settlements, conciliations, and withdrawals with benefits. The number of charges resolved through successful conciliation, the last step in the EEOC administrative process prior to litigation, increased by 18 percent over 2011.

Successes

On May 1, 2013, a Davenport, Iowa jury awarded the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commissission damages totaling $240 million — the largest verdict in the federal agency's history — for disability discrimination and severe abuse.^[33]

The jury agreed with the EEOC that Hill County Farms, doing business as Henry's Turkey Service subjected a group of 32 men with intellectual disabilities to severe abuse and discrimination for a period between 2007 and 2009, after 20 years of similar mistreatment.^[33] This victory received international attention and was profiled in the New York Times.^[34]

On June 1, 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court held in an 8-1 decision written by Justice Antonin Scalia that an employer may not refuse to hire an applicant if the employer was motivated by avoiding the need to accommodate a religious practice. Such behavior violates the prohibition on religious discrimination contained in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.^[35]

EEOC General Counsel David Lopez hailed the decision. "At its root, this case is about defending the quintessentially American principles of religious freedom and tolerance," Lopez said. "This decision is a victory for our increasingly diverse society and we applaud Samantha Elauf's courage and tenacity in pursuing this matter.”^[35]

Criticism

Some employment-law professionals criticized the agency after it issued advice that requiring a high school diploma from job applicants could violate the Americans with Disabilities Act. The advice letter stated that the longtime lowest common denominator of employee screening must be "job-related for the position in question and consistent with business necessity." A Ballard Spahr lawyer suggested, "There will be less incentive for the general public to obtain a high school diploma if many employers eliminate that requirement for job applicants in their workplace."^[36]

The EEOC has been criticized for alleged heavy-handed tactics in their 1980 lawsuit against retailer Sears, Roebuck & Co. Based on a statistical analysis of personnel and promotions, EEOC argued that Sears both was systematically excluding women from high-earning positions in commission sales and was paying female management lower wages than male management. Sears, represented by lawyer Charles Morgan, Jr., counter-argued that the company had encouraged female applicants for sales and management, but women preferred lower-paying positions with more stable daytime working hours, as compared to commission sales, which demanded evening and weekend shifts and featured drastically-varying paychecks, depending on the numbers of sales in a given pay period. In 1986, the court ruled in favor of Sears on all counts and noted that the EEOC had neither produced a single witness who alleged discrimination nor identified any Sears policy that discriminated against women.^[37]^[38]

In a 2011 ruling against the EEOC, Judge Loretta A. Preska declared that It relied too heavily on anecdotal claims rather than on hard data, in a lawsuit against Bloomberg, L.P. that alleged discrimination against pregnant employees. In a ruling described in the New York Times^[39] as "strongly worded," Preska wrote, "the law does not mandate 'work-life balance' and added that while Bloomberg had expected high levels of dedication from employees, the company did not treat women who took pregnancy leave differently from those who took leave for other reasons.

General Counsels

Donald Livingston, 1990-1993

C. Gregory Stewart, 1995-2000

Eric Dreiband, 2003-2005

Ronald Cooper, 2006-2009

David Lopez, 2010-2016

Commissioners

Luther Holcomb, 1965–1974

Aileen Hernandez, 1965–1966

Vicente T. Ximenes, 1967–1971

Samuel C. Jackson, 1965–1968

Richard Graham, 1965–1966

Elizabeth Kuck, 1968–1970

Ethel B. Walsh, 1971–1980

Colston A. Lewis, 1970–1977

Raymond L. Telles, 1971–1976

J. Clay Smith Jr., 1978–1982

Hon. Daniel Leach, 1976–1981

Armando Rodriguez, 1978–1983

Cathie Shattuck, 1982–1983

Tony E. Gallegos, 1982–1994

R. Gaull Silberman, 1984–1995

Joy Cherian, 1987–1993

William Webb, 1982–1986

Fred Alvarez, 1984–1987

Evan J. Kemp, Jr., 1987–1993

Joyce Tucker, 1990–1996

Paul Steven Miller, 1994–2004

Reginald E. Jones, 1996–2000

Chairs

No.	Chair of the EEOC	Start of term	End of term	President(s)
1	Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr.	May 26, 1965	May 11, 1966	Lyndon Johnson
2	Stephen N. Shulman	September 14, 1966	July 1, 1967
3	Clifford Alexander Jr.	August 4, 1967	May 1, 1969
4	William H. Brown III	May 5, 1969	December 23, 1973	Richard Nixon
5	John H. Powell Jr.	December 28, 1973	March 18, 1975	Richard Nixon
Acting	Ethel Bent Walsh	1975		Gerald Ford
6	Lowell W. Perry	May 27, 1975	May 15, 1976
Acting	Ethel Bent Walsh	May 1976	May 1977
7	Eleanor Holmes Norton	May 27, 1977	February 21, 1981	Jimmy Carter
Acting	J. Clay Smith Jr.	1981	1982	Ronald Reagan
8	Clarence Thomas	May 6, 1982	March 8, 1990	Ronald Reagan George H. W. Bush
9	Evan J. Kemp Jr.	March 8, 1990	April 2, 1993	George H. W. Bush
Acting	Tony Gallegos	1993	1994	Bill Clinton
10	Gilbert Casellas	September 29, 1994	December 31, 1997
Acting	Paul Igasaki	1998
11	Ida L. Castro	October 23, 1998	August 13, 2001
12	Cari M. Dominguez	August 6, 2001	August 31, 2006	George W. Bush
13	Naomi C. Earp	September 1, 2006	2009	George W. Bush
Acting	Stuart J. Ishimaru	January 20, 2009	April 7, 2010	Barack Obama
14	Jacqueline A. Berrien	April 7, 2010^[40]	September 2, 2014
15	Jenny R. Yang	September 2, 2014^[41]	January 22, 2017
Acting	Victoria Lipnic	January 25, 2017^[42]	present	Donald Trump

References

^ "FedScope - Employment Cubes (Enhanced Interface)". www.fedscope.opm.gov.

^ ^a^b "EEOC Budget and Staffing History". Archives. EEOC.gov. May 12, 2009. Archived from the original on December 9, 2009.

^ "Types of Discrimination".

^ wikisource – Executive Order No. 10925

^ 29 U.S.C. 621 et seq., as amended

^ Gail Collins (14 October 2009). When Everything Changed: The Amazing Journey of American Women from 1960 to the Present. Little, Brown. pp. 59–. ISBN 978-0-316-07166-6.

^ ^a^b The will of the people: how public ... – Google Books. Books.google.com. September 29, 2009. ISBN 9780374220341. Retrieved June 29, 2011.

^ "42 U.S.C. § 2000e-4 – Equal Employment Opportunity Commission".

^ "Nominations PN845-110 and PN1029-108". Thomas (Library of Congress). Retrieved February 2, 2010.

^ Press Office (July 16, 2009). "President Obama Announces Pick to Head Equal Employment Opportunity Commission". Archived from the original on February 6, 2010.

^ Press Office (September 14, 2009). "President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts". Archived from the original on February 3, 2010.

^ "President Obama Announces Recess Appointments to Key Administration Positions | The White House". Whitehouse.gov. 2010-03-27. Archived from the original on 2013-10-22. Retrieved 2013-10-06.

^ "EEOC General Counsel David Lopez to Depart Agency". www.eeoc.gov.

^ ^a^b "Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation, Status as a Parent, Marital Status and Political Affiliation". Retrieved February 18, 2013.

^ "EEOC Request No. 0520110649". Retrieved February 18, 2013.

^ "Macy v. Department of Justice, EEOC Appeal No. 0120120821". Retrieved February 28, 2013.

^ Carpenter, Dale (2012-12-14). "Anti-gay discrimination is sex discrimination, says the EEOC". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2015-07-17.

^ Tatectate, Curtis. "EEOC: Federal law bans workplace bias against gays, lesbians, bisexuals | Miami Herald Miami Herald". Miamiherald.com. Retrieved 2015-07-17.

^ See "42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2 – Unlawful Employment Practices". and "42 U.S.C. § 2000e-3 – Other Unlawful Practices".

^

In addition, the EEOC, the Departments of Labor and Justice, the Civil Service Commission and the Office of Revenue Sharing have adopted Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures to assist employers in complying with federal laws prohibiting employment discrimination."Uniform Guidelines On Employee Selection Procedures". Retrieved February 2, 2010.

^ "Enforcing the Civil Rights Act: Fighting Racism, Sexism and the Ku Klux Klan. The Story of the Miami EEOC's First Class Action Trial." James Keeney, 2012 Civil Rights Publishing, Sarasota, FL

^ ^a^b Lee, Christopher (June 14, 2006). "EEOC Is Hobbled, Groups Contend: Case Backlog Grows as Its Staff Is Slashed, Critics Say". Washington Post.

^ ^a^b Vogel, Steve (March 31, 2009). "EEOC Willfully Violated Pay Law, Arbitrator Rules". Washington Post. p. A15.

^ ""Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity"".

^ Final Revisions of the Employer Information Report (EEO-1) Archived August 13, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. by the EEOC. The page contains links to FAQs, forms and instructions

^ The US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. "Race/Color Discrimination." August 15, 2007. "We may use this for the purpose of race and ethnicity.""Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-08-12. Retrieved 2013-10-01.

^ Kalev, Alexandra; Dobbin, Frank; Kelly, Erin (2006-08-01). "Best Practices or Best Guesses? Assessing the Efficacy of Corporate Affirmative Action and Diversity Policies". American Sociological Review. 71 (4): 589–617. doi:10.1177/000312240607100404. ISSN 0003-1224.

^ The US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. "National Origin Discrimination." August 15, 2007. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-08-12. Retrieved 2013-10-01.

^ AAjing

^ "Ability Magazine: BAD BOYS – EEOC Tackles Job Discrimination" (2009)". Retrieved 2012-04-05.

^ "Home Depot to Pay $100,000 to Settle EEOC Disability Discrimination Suit". The National Law Review. U.S Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. 2012-09-10. Retrieved September 23, 2012.

^ "Enforcement and Litigation Statistics". Retrieved 2013-01-30.

^ ^a^b "Jury Awards $240 Million for Long-Term Abuse of Workers with Intellectual Disabilities". U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. 1 May 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

^ Barry, Dan (8 March 2014). "The 'Boys' in the Bunkhouse" – via NYTimes.com.

^ ^a^b "Supreme Court Rules in Favor of EEOC in Abercrombie Religious Discrimination Case". U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. 1 June 2015. Retrieved 29 April 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

^ Dave Boyer (1 January 2012). "EEOC: High school diploma requirement might violate Americans with Disabilities Act". Washington Times.

^ EEOC v. Sears, Roebuck & Co., 628 F. Supp. 1264 (N.D. Ill. 1986) (Sears II).

^ Possley, Maurice (1986). Sears Wins 12-year Fight Over Bias Chicago Tribune 4 February 1986. Retrieved 2012-12-10.

^ Chen, David W. (17 August 2011). "Discrimination Suit Against Bloomberg L.P. Is Dismissed" – via www.nytimes.com.

^ "Jacqueline A. Berrien Becomes Chair of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission". U.S. Senate Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. 2010-04-07. Retrieved 2010-11-16.

^ "President Appoints Jenny R. Yang EEOC Chair". Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Retrieved 2014-09-19.

^ "Victoria Lipnic, Acting Chair". www.eeoc.gov. Retrieved 2017-08-02.

External links

Official website

Proposed and finalized federal regulations from the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Role of Equal employment opportunity commission

Records of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in the National Archives (Record Group 403)

nytimes.com, discusses the fairly recent case involving allegations against Bloomberg unfairly treating pregnant women. Bloomberg won because of a lack of statistics on the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission's part. However, it is still possible for the federal government to appeal and the witnesses can individually sue Bloomberg for discrimination.

https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Federal_Civil_Penalties_Inflation_Adjustment_Act_of_1990

[1] "FedScope - Employment Cubes (Enhanced Interface)". www.fedscope.opm.gov.

[eeoc_budget_and_staff-2] "EEOC Budget and Staffing History". Archives. EEOC.gov. May 12, 2009. Archived from the original on December 9, 2009.

[3] "Types of Discrimination".

[4] wikisource – Executive Order No. 10925

[5] 29 U.S.C. 621 et seq., as amended

[Collins2009-6] Gail Collins (14 October 2009). When Everything Changed: The Amazing Journey of American Women from 1960 to the Present. Little, Brown. pp. 59–. ISBN 978-0-316-07166-6.

[google5-7] The will of the people: how public ... – Google Books. Books.google.com. September 29, 2009. ISBN 9780374220341. Retrieved June 29, 2011.

[8] "42 U.S.C. § 2000e-4 – Equal Employment Opportunity Commission".

[9] "Nominations PN845-110 and PN1029-108". Thomas (Library of Congress). Retrieved February 2, 2010.

[Berrien-10] Press Office (July 16, 2009). "President Obama Announces Pick to Head Equal Employment Opportunity Commission". Archived from the original on February 6, 2010.

[11] Press Office (September 14, 2009). "President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts". Archived from the original on February 3, 2010.

[12] "President Obama Announces Recess Appointments to Key Administration Positions | The White House". Whitehouse.gov. 2010-03-27. Archived from the original on 2013-10-22. Retrieved 2013-10-06.

[13] "EEOC General Counsel David Lopez to Depart Agency". www.eeoc.gov.

[discrimination1-14] "Discrimination Based on Sexual Orientation, Status as a Parent, Marital Status and Political Affiliation". Retrieved February 18, 2013.

[15] "EEOC Request No. 0520110649". Retrieved February 18, 2013.

[16] "Macy v. Department of Justice, EEOC Appeal No. 0120120821". Retrieved February 28, 2013.

[17] Carpenter, Dale (2012-12-14). "Anti-gay discrimination is sex discrimination, says the EEOC". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2015-07-17.

[18] Tatectate, Curtis. "EEOC: Federal law bans workplace bias against gays, lesbians, bisexuals | Miami Herald Miami Herald". Miamiherald.com. Retrieved 2015-07-17.

[19] See "42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2 – Unlawful Employment Practices". and "42 U.S.C. § 2000e-3 – Other Unlawful Practices".

[20] 

In addition, the EEOC, the Departments of Labor and Justice, the Civil Service Commission and the Office of Revenue Sharing have adopted Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures to assist employers in complying with federal laws prohibiting employment discrimination."Uniform Guidelines On Employee Selection Procedures". Retrieved February 2, 2010.

[21] "Enforcing the Civil Rights Act: Fighting Racism, Sexism and the Ku Klux Klan. The Story of the Miami EEOC's First Class Action Trial." James Keeney, 2012 Civil Rights Publishing, Sarasota, FL

[wapo06-13-06-22] Lee, Christopher (June 14, 2006). "EEOC Is Hobbled, Groups Contend: Case Backlog Grows as Its Staff Is Slashed, Critics Say". Washington Post.

[WPost20090331-23] Vogel, Steve (March 31, 2009). "EEOC Willfully Violated Pay Law, Arbitrator Rules". Washington Post. p. A15.

[24] ""Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity"".

[25] Final Revisions of the Employer Information Report (EEO-1) Archived August 13, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. by the EEOC. The page contains links to FAQs, forms and instructions

[Discrimination-26] The US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. "Race/Color Discrimination." August 15, 2007. "We may use this for the purpose of race and ethnicity.""Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-08-12. Retrieved 2013-10-01.

[27] Kalev, Alexandra; Dobbin, Frank; Kelly, Erin (2006-08-01). "Best Practices or Best Guesses? Assessing the Efficacy of Corporate Affirmative Action and Diversity Policies". American Sociological Review. 71 (4): 589–617. doi:10.1177/000312240607100404. ISSN 0003-1224.

[28] The US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. "National Origin Discrimination." August 15, 2007. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-08-12. Retrieved 2013-10-01.

[29] AAjing

[30] "Ability Magazine: BAD BOYS – EEOC Tackles Job Discrimination" (2009)". Retrieved 2012-04-05.

[31] "Home Depot to Pay $100,000 to Settle EEOC Disability Discrimination Suit". The National Law Review. U.S Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. 2012-09-10. Retrieved September 23, 2012.

[32] "Enforcement and Litigation Statistics". Retrieved 2013-01-30.

[EEOC-33] "Jury Awards $240 Million for Long-Term Abuse of Workers with Intellectual Disabilities". U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. 1 May 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

[34] Barry, Dan (8 March 2014). "The 'Boys' in the Bunkhouse" – via NYTimes.com.

[EEOC_2-35] "Supreme Court Rules in Favor of EEOC in Abercrombie Religious Discrimination Case". U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. 1 June 2015. Retrieved 29 April 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

[36] Dave Boyer (1 January 2012). "EEOC: High school diploma requirement might violate Americans with Disabilities Act". Washington Times.

[37] EEOC v. Sears, Roebuck & Co., 628 F. Supp. 1264 (N.D. Ill. 1986) (Sears II).

[38] Possley, Maurice (1986). Sears Wins 12-year Fight Over Bias Chicago Tribune 4 February 1986. Retrieved 2012-12-10.

[39] Chen, David W. (17 August 2011). "Discrimination Suit Against Bloomberg L.P. Is Dismissed" – via www.nytimes.com.

[40] "Jacqueline A. Berrien Becomes Chair of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission". U.S. Senate Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. 2010-04-07. Retrieved 2010-11-16.

[41] "President Appoints Jenny R. Yang EEOC Chair". Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Retrieved 2014-09-19.

[42] "Victoria Lipnic, Acting Chair". www.eeoc.gov. Retrieved 2017-08-02.

v t e John F. Kennedy
_U.S._Senator_from_Massachusetts_(1953–1960) _U.S._Representative_for_MA-11_(1947–1953)"> 35th President of the United States (1961–1963) U.S. Senator from Massachusetts (1953–1960) U.S. Representative for MA-11 (1947–1953)
Presidency (timeline)	Presidential Office: Inauguration Cabinet Judicial appointments Supreme Court Presidential pardons Domestic policy: Clean Air Act Communications Satellite Act Community Mental Health Act Equal Pay Act Federal affirmative action Federal housing segregation ban Fifty-mile hikes Food for Peace New Frontier Pilot Food Stamp Program Space policy Status of Women (Presidential Commission) University of Alabama integration Voter Education Project Foreign policy: Alliance for Progress Arms Control and Disarmament Agency Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Flexible response Kennedy Doctrine Peace Corps Trade Expansion Act USAID Vietnam War Cuba: Bay of Pigs Invasion Cuban Project Cuban Missile Crisis ExComm Soviet Union: Berlin Crisis Moscow–Washington hotline Vienna summit White House: Presidential limousine Presidential yacht Resolute desk Situation Room
Presidential speeches	Inaugural address American University speech "We choose to go to the Moon" Report to the American People on Civil Rights "Ich bin ein Berliner" "A rising tide lifts all boats"
Elections	U.S. States House of Representatives elections, 1946 1948 1950 U.S. Senate election in Massachusetts, 1952 1958 1960 Presidential primaries 1960 Presidential campaign Democratic National Convention 1956 1960 U.S. presidential election, 1960 debates
Personal life	Birthplace and childhood home Kennedy Compound US Navy service PT-109 Biuku Gasa and Eroni Kumana Arthur Evans PT-59 Castle Hot Springs Hammersmith Farm Coretta Scott King phone call Rocking chair "Happy Birthday, Mr. President"
Books	Why England Slept (1940) Profiles in Courage (1956) A Nation of Immigrants (1958)
Death	Assassination timeline reactions in popular culture State funeral Riderless horse attending dignitaries Gravesite and Eternal Flame
Legacy	John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum (Boston) 1964 Civil Rights Act Apollo 11 Moon landing Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Kennedy Space Center (Florida) Kennedy Round U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development VISTA Cultural depictions films Kennedy half dollar U.S. postage stamps U.S. five cent stamp Lincoln–Kennedy coincidences Operation Sail
Memorials, namesakes	Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (Washington, D.C.) John F. Kennedy International Airport (New York) John F. Kennedy Memorial (London) John Fitzgerald Kennedy Memorial (Dallas) John Fitzgerald Kennedy Memorial (Portland, Oregon) John F. Kennedy Memorial (Runnymede, Britain) John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge (Kentucky–Indiana) John F. Kennedy School of Government (Harvard Univ.) John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School (Fort Bragg, North Carolina) John F. Kennedy University (California) John Kennedy College (Mauritius) Kennedy Expressway (Chicago) MV John F. Kennedy USS John F. Kennedy (CV-67) USS John F. Kennedy (CVN-79) Yad Kennedy (Jerusalem)
Family	Jacqueline Bouvier (wife) Caroline Kennedy (daughter) John F. Kennedy Jr. (son) Patrick Bouvier Kennedy (son) Jack Schlossberg (grandson) Rose Schlossberg (granddaughter) Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. (father) Rose Fitzgerald (mother) Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. (brother) Rosemary Kennedy (sister) Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington (sister) Eunice Kennedy Shriver (sister) Patricia Kennedy Lawford (sister) Robert F. Kennedy (brother) Jean Kennedy Smith (sister) Ted Kennedy (brother) P. J. Kennedy (grandfather) John F. Fitzgerald (grandfather)
← Dwight D. Eisenhower Lyndon B. Johnson → Category

v t e Lyndon B. Johnson
_37th_Vice_President_of_the_United_States_(1961–1963) _U.S._Senator_from_Texas_(1949–1961) *_U.S._Representative_for_TX-10_(1937–1949)"> 36th President of the United States (1963–1969) 37th Vice President of the United States (1961–1963) U.S. Senator from Texas (1949–1961) U.S. Representative for TX-10 (1937–1949)
Presidency	1963 inauguration 1965 inauguration Great Society Architectural Barriers Act Child Nutrition Act Civil Rights Act of 1964 Department of Housing and Urban Development Department of Transportation Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 Head Start Program Job Corps Elementary and Secondary Education Act Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Fair Housing Act of 1968 Food Stamp Act of 1964 Glassboro Summit Gun Control Act of 1968 Higher Education Act of 1965 Upward Bound TRIO Teacher Corps Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 Johnson Doctrine Dominican Republic occupation Medicare Medicaid Meritorious Service Medal National Endowment for the Arts National Endowment for the Humanities Non-Discrimination in Federal contracts Executive Order 11375 Older Americans Act Operation CHAOS Outer Space Treaty Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 Vietnam War Gulf of Tonkin Resolution "Credibility gap" VISTA Voting Rights Act of 1965 War on Poverty White House Conference on Civil Rights White House preservation State of the Union Address, 1966 1968 Cabinet Judicial appointments Supreme Court controversies
Life	Early years and career Operation Texas Texas Broadcasting Company Johnson Amendment Bashir Ahmad
Legacy	Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum Lyndon B. Johnson National Grassland Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Lyndon Baines Johnson Day Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs Memorial Grove on the Potomac U.S. Postage stamp
Books	Bibliography
Elections	United States House of Representatives special elections, 1937 United States House of Representatives elections, 1938 1940 1942 1944 1946 United States Senate special elections, 1941 United States Senate elections, 1948 1954 1960 Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1960 1964 1968 Democratic National Convention 1956 1960 1964 United States presidential election, 1960 1964
Popular culture	Lyndon B. Johnson in popular culture Daisy advertisement Johnson cult The Years of Lyndon Johnson Path to War, (2002 film) All the Way (2012 play, 2016 film) LBJ (2017 film)
Family	Claudia "Lady Bird" Taylor Johnson (wife) Lynda Bird Johnson Robb (daughter) Luci Baines Johnson (daughter) Samuel Ealy Johnson Jr. (father) Rebekah Baines Johnson (mother) Sam Houston Johnson (brother) Samuel Ealy Johnson, Sr. (grandfather) Joseph Wilson Baines (grandfather) George Washington Baines (great-grandfather) Chuck Robb (son-in-law)
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